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) on density stratification erosion in a small rectangular vessel安部 諭; Studer, E.*; 石垣 将宏; 柴本 泰照; 与能本 泰介
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 13 Pages, 2017/09
Density stratification and its break-up are important phenomena for discussing the containment hydrogen behavior. Turbulence transport phenomenon is one of the important factor in the stratification erosion behavior. A small scale test is a useful approach to develop a physical model for the stratification erosion because of easiness for detailed measurement. Thus, small scale experiments have been carried out in our research project named "ROSA-SA". A rectangular vessel apparatus named VIMES (VIsualization and MEasurement system on Stratification behavior) is one of such facilities, which has a vessel made of acrylic plates for visualizing flow field with the PIV measurement, whose volume is 4.05m
(1.5m(L)
1.5m(W)1.8m(H)). In this paper, we focus on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis on a density stratification erosion with a vertical buoyant jet observed in the VIMES experiments. Comparative study between Large-eddy simulation (LES) and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) are also performed to validate the dynamic turbulence Schmidt number () formulation. The results have indicated that the dynamic Sct model is advantageous to predict the observed stratification erosion behavior. This research is a collaboration activity between CEA and JAEA.
柴本 泰照; 石垣 将宏; 安部 諭; 与能本 泰介
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 14 Pages, 2017/09
The present paper introduces the recent outcome from the CIGMA experiments regarding containment vessel cooling, in which an external side of a vessel upper head was flooded by water. The test vessel was initially pressurized by steam and noncondensable gas (air and/or helium), and was subsequently cooled by pouring water to the outside of the vessel top. Similar experiments were performed by authors using air-steam binary system in the previous study, which showed several characteristic phenomena such as inverse temperature stratification. The experimental conditions were extended systematically in this study to investigate the effects of initial gas composition and distribution in a vessel. The measurement results indicated that natural circulation was significantly affected by distributions of each gas species. In particular, it was enhanced when the gas density became heavier after condensation on the vessel inner wall, while it was suppressed when the gas density became lighter, creating density stratification with helium-rich gas in the upper region. The results are explained by the simplified model.
江連 俊樹; 伊藤 啓; 田中 正暁; 大島 宏之; 亀山 祐理*
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 9 Pages, 2017/09
ナトリウム冷却高速炉設計の重要課題である液面からのカバーガス巻込みについて、よどみ部と周辺流れの間に発生する自由表面渦ガス巻込みに関する実験研究を行った。水平および吸込み流速を数条件変化させ、自由液面の可視化と粒子画像流速計測適用することで自由液面部くぼみ形状と渦廻りの流速分布をそれぞれ同時に計測した。実験で得られた液面形状および速度分布より、ガス巻込み渦に関する循環、鉛直報告速度勾配およびくぼみ形状それぞれの時間発達の関係をガス巻込み評価手法整備用の基礎実験データとして定量把握した。さらに、渦モデルに基づくガス巻込み評価の有効性を確認した。
内堀 昭寛; 高田 孝; 大島 宏之; 渡部 晃*
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 12 Pages, 2017/09
ナトリウム冷却高速炉の蒸気発生器におけるナトリウム-水反応現象を評価するため、圧縮性多成分多相流及びNa-水化学反応を対象とした数値解析コードSERAPHIMを開発している。従来のSERAPHIMコードは差分法を用いているが、本研究では、伝熱管の存在する複雑形状領域に対して解析精度を向上することを目的に非構造格子に対応した解析手法を開発した。解析手法妥当性確認の一環として不足膨張噴流実験の解析を実施した結果、解析結果における圧力分布やマッハディスクの形成位置が実験結果と一致する結果を得た。また、Na中へ水蒸気が噴出する現象を対象とした解析を実施し、実現象に対する適用性を確認した。
Shen, X.*; 孫 昊旻; Deng, B.*; 日引 俊*; 中村 秀夫
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 14 Pages, 2017/09
4センサープローブを用いて、鉛直大口径正方形ダクト内における上向き気泡流の実験的研究を行った。流れ方向3断面における局所界面積濃度、3次元気泡速度ベクトルと気泡径等を計測した。取得したボイド率、局所界面積濃度、3次元気泡速度ベクトルと気泡径等により、流れの挙動に関する有益な情報を提供できるだけでなく、界面積濃度輸送方程式内のソースとシンク項の機構論的モデルの高度化にとって重要なデータベースとなる。
松場 賢一; 神山 健司; 豊岡 淳一; Zuev, V. A.*; Kolodeshnikov, A. A.*
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2017/09
ナトリウム中に流出した液柱状の溶融炉心物質の微粒化及びそれに伴う冷却挙動を解明するため、溶融炉心模擬物質として溶融アルミナを用いた炉外試験の結果を分析した。本分析の結果、溶融アルミナの液柱はナトリウム中を数十センチメートル程度の距離まで浸入すると微粒化によって崩壊するが、スティール構造物に与える熱的負荷を無視できる程度まで冷却されるためには、液柱崩壊までの距離(微粒化距離)に加え、有意な冷却距離を要することを把握した。すなわち、原子炉容器内下部構造への熱負荷低減の観点からは、微粒化距離のみならず冷却距離の評価が必要である。
Wan, T.; 大林 寛生; 佐々 敏信
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 13 Pages, 2017/09
To realize the future Accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), an ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T) will be constructed within the framework of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) project to carry out basic R&Ds. A LBE spallation target will be installed in the TEF-T facility and be bombarded by high power pulsed proton beams (250 kW, 400 MeV, 25 Hz, 0.5 ms in pulse duration). The beam window (BW) of the spallation target is critical because it should survive under severe conditions, i.e., high temperature, high irradiation, intense stress and various occurred damage. Therefore, the target vessel should be carefully designed to obtain enough safety margin. Our previous research indicated that there are stagnant flow region in LBE at the BW tip due to the symmetric configuration of target, which causes high temperature and stress concentration on the BW. To reduce/move the stagnant flow region from BW tip and to increase the target safety margin, on the basis of our previous work, three types of upgraded target head designs were performed steadily in the present study. The thermal-hydraulic analyses and structural analyses for the target head designs have been carried out numerically under a steady-state condition. Results illustrated that the designs can almost eliminate the stagnant flow region in LBE. As a consequence, the thermal stress concentration on BW has been released and greatly decreased. The safety margin of target has been improved through this study.
伊藤 大介*; Rivera, M. N.*; 齊藤 泰司*; 青柳 光裕; 神山 健司; 鈴木 徹*
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2017/09
Two-phase flow through porous media must be well understood to develop a severe accident analysis code not only for light water reactor (LWR) but also sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR). When a core disruptive accident occurs in SFR, the fuel inside the core become melted and interacts with the coolant. As a result, gas-liquid two-phase flow will be formed in the debris bed, which may have porous nature depending on the cooling process. Thus, as first step, the present work focuses on the characteristics of pressure drop in two-phase flows in different porous media conditions (porous size, liquid and gas flow velocity). To construct an experimental database, the measured pressure drop under different conditions was compared with existing correlations. In addition, X-ray radiography, which is very helpful to understand the two-phase structure inside the porous media, was applied to measure porosity and void fraction distribution in the packed bed of spheres.
大林 寛生; 平林 勝; Wan, T.; 佐々 敏信
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2017/09
JAEA has been performing various R&Ds for ADS as a dedicated system for the transmutation of long-lived radioactive nuclides such as MA. The ADS utilizes the lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy as a spallation target material and a coolant. JAEA planning a construction of ADS target test Facility (TEF-T) under the framework of J-PARC project as a preliminary phase before the construction of demonstrative ADS. A major role of TEF-T is to acquire the irradiation data of candidate structural materials by using LBE spallation target system. The flow-monitoring device is one of the indispensable components to assure the safety of target system and to maintain the material irradiation condition. LBE is obviously opaque heavy liquid metal, and it is used in a high temperature condition. The goal of this study is to develop a durable and a reliable flowmeter for LBE spallation target system. To measure the flowing velocity in high temperature liquid metal, JAEA has been developed a flow-monitoring device by using ultrasonic. At first, we assessed several requirements for developed device by thermal-fluid and structural analysis. To overcome these requirement, we developed the plug immersion type of ultrasonic flowmeter. As a result of application test, it was successfully confirmed usefulness of the developed ultrasonic flowmeter under demonstration condition of TEF-T environment.
河田 凌*; 大原 陽平*; Sheikh, Md. A. R.*; Liu, X.*; 松元 達也*; 守田 幸路*; Guo, L.*; 神山 健司; 鈴木 徹
Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 14 Pages, 2017/09
Numerical simulations of various thermal-hydraulic phenomena with multiphase and multicomponent flows in postulated core disruptive accidents (CDAs) are regarded as particular difficulties in the safety analysis of liquid-metal cooled reactors. In a material relocation phase of CDAs, core debris may settle on the core-support structure and/or in the lower inlet plenum of the reactor vessel and then form the debris bed. In particular, the shape of debris bed is crucial for the relocation of molten core and heat-removal capability of the debris bed as well as re-criticality. In the present study, a hybrid numerical simulation method, which couples the multi-fluid model of the 3D fast reactor safety analysis code SIMMER-IV with the discrete element method (DEM), was applied to analyze sedimentation and bed formation behaviors of core debris. In the present study, 3D simulations were performed for a series of particle sedimentation experiments with gravity driven discharge of solid particles into a quiescent cylindrical water pool. The present simulation predicts the sedimentation behavior of mixed particles with different density or particle size as well as homogeneous particles. The simulation results on bed shapes and particle distribution in the bed agree well with the experimental ones. They demonstrate the fundamental applicability of the present hybrid method to solid-particle sedimentation and bed formation simulations.